fallacious [fəˈleiʃəs] adjective
wrong, mistaken or showing false reasoning
Example: a fallacious argument
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And the second one is:
e·pis·te·mol·o·gy (ĭ-pĭs'tə-mŏl'ə-jē) Pronunciation Key
n. The branch of philosophy that studies the nature of knowledge, its presuppositions and foundations, and its extent and validity.
[Greek epistēmē, knowledge (from epistasthai, epistē-, to understand : epi-, epi- + histasthai, middle voice of histanai, to place, determine; see stā- in Indo-European roots) + -logy.]
And the third one is:
yl·lo·gism (sĭl'ə-jĭz'əm) Pronunciation Key
n.
- Logic A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion; for example, All humans are mortal, the major premise, I am a human, the minor premise, therefore, I am mortal, the conclusion.
- Reasoning from the general to the specific; deduction.
- A subtle or specious piece of reasoning.
[Middle English silogisme, from Old French, from Latin syllogismus, from Greek sullogismos, from sullogizesthai, to infer : sun-, syn- + logizesthai, to count, reckon (from logos, reason; see leg- in Indo-European roots).]
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